Source code for quantecon._quadsums
"""
This module provides functions to compute quadratic sums of the form described
in the docstrings.
"""
import numpy as np
import scipy.linalg
from ._matrix_eqn import solve_discrete_lyapunov
[docs]def var_quadratic_sum(A, C, H, beta, x0):
r"""
Computes the expected discounted quadratic sum
.. math::
q(x_0) = \mathbb{E} \Big[ \sum_{t=0}^{\infty} \beta^t x_t' H x_t \Big]
Here :math:`{x_t}` is the VAR process :math:`x_{t+1} = A x_t + C w_t`
with :math:`{x_t}` standard normal and :math:`x_0` the initial condition.
Parameters
----------
A : array_like(float, ndim=2)
The matrix described above in description. Should be n x n
C : array_like(float, ndim=2)
The matrix described above in description. Should be n x n
H : array_like(float, ndim=2)
The matrix described above in description. Should be n x n
beta: scalar(float)
Should take a value in (0, 1)
x_0: array_like(float, ndim=1)
The initial condtion. A conformable array (of length n, or with
n rows)
Returns
-------
q0: scalar(float)
Represents the value :math:`q(x_0)`
Remarks: The formula for computing :math:`q(x_0)` is
:math:`q(x_0) = x_0' Q x_0 + v`
where
* :math:`Q` is the solution to :math:`Q = H + \beta A' Q A`, and
* :math:`v = \frac{trace(C' Q C) \beta}{(1 - \beta)}`
"""
# == Make sure that A, C, H and x0 are array_like == #
A, C, H = list(map(np.atleast_2d, (A, C, H)))
x0 = np.atleast_1d(x0)
# == Start computations == #
Q = scipy.linalg.solve_discrete_lyapunov(np.sqrt(beta) * A.T, H)
cq = np.dot(np.dot(C.T, Q), C)
v = np.trace(cq) * beta / (1 - beta)
q0 = np.dot(np.dot(x0.T, Q), x0) + v
return q0
[docs]def m_quadratic_sum(A, B, max_it=50):
r"""
Computes the quadratic sum
.. math::
V = \sum_{j=0}^{\infty} A^j B A^{j'}
V is computed by solving the corresponding discrete lyapunov
equation using the doubling algorithm. See the documentation of
`util.solve_discrete_lyapunov` for more information.
Parameters
----------
A : array_like(float, ndim=2)
An n x n matrix as described above. We assume in order for
convergence that the eigenvalues of :math:`A` have moduli bounded by
unity
B : array_like(float, ndim=2)
An n x n matrix as described above. We assume in order for
convergence that the eigenvalues of :math:`A` have moduli bounded by
unity
max_it : scalar(int), optional(default=50)
The maximum number of iterations
Returns
-------
gamma1: array_like(float, ndim=2)
Represents the value :math:`V`
"""
gamma1 = solve_discrete_lyapunov(A, B, max_it)
return gamma1